East Orange, NJ

Grove Park Healthcare And Rehabilitation Center

3-star overall rating with 2-star inspections with 10 recent health deficiencies with 10 fire-safety deficiencies in the latest cycle

101 North Grove Street, East Orange, NJ

(973) 672-1700

Compare this facility

Overall

3 / 5

CMS overall stars

Health inspections

2 / 5

Survey and complaint cycles

Staffing

3 / 5

RN + nurse staffing

Quality measures

5 / 5

Resident outcomes and process measures

Quick facts

Facility snapshot

Beds

185

Certified beds

Average residents

174

Average occupied residents

Ownership

For-Profit

Publicly displayed owner type

Chain

Allaire Health Services

Operator or chain grouping

Approved since

1974-12-01

CMS approved date

Coverage

Medicare + Medicaid

Participation flags

Chain footprint

20 facilities

Chain averages 2 overall / 2 health / 3 staffing / 4 quality stars

Changed ownership

No

Within the last 12 months

Family council

Yes

Resident and family council reported

Sprinklers

Yes

Automatic sprinklers in all required areas

Staffing

Hours and turnover

RN hours / resident day

0.56

Registered nurse staffing · state 0.69 · national 0.68

LPN hours / resident day

0.41

Licensed practical nurse staffing · state 0.94 · national 0.87

Aide hours / resident day

2.37

Nurse aide staffing · state 2.23 · national 2.35

Total nurse hours

3.35

All reported nurse hours · state 3.86 · national 3.89

Licensed hours

0.97

RN + LPN hours · state 1.62 · national 1.54

Weekend hours

2.98

Weekend nurse staffing · state 3.45 · national 3.43

Weekend RN hours

0.41

Weekend registered nurse coverage · state 0.49 · national 0.47

Physical therapist

0.09

Reported PT staffing · state 0.11 · national 0.07

Adjusted RN hours

0.65

CMS adjusted RN staffing hours

Adjusted total hours

3.84

CMS adjusted total nurse staffing hours

Case-mix index

1.19

Higher values indicate more complex resident acuity

RN turnover

46%

Annual RN turnover · state 39% · national 45%

Total nurse turnover

30%

Annual nurse turnover · state 41% · national 46%

SNF VBP

Value-based purchasing

Program rank

7,144

Lower is better among SNFs in the FY 2026 VBP program.

Performance score

30.63

Composite VBP score used to determine payment impact.

Payment multiplier

0.9861

Above 1.000 increases Medicare payment; below 1.000 reduces it.

Program components

How the VBP score is built

Readmission

Not reported

This facility did not meet this measure's case minimum policy requirement and therefore no measure data is publicly reported.

Healthcare-associated infections

0

Baseline 6.01% · Performance 8.64% · Measure score 0 · Achievement 0 · Improvement 0

Total nurse turnover

7.62

Baseline 55.64% · Performance 32.52% · Measure score 7.62 · Achievement 7.62 · Improvement 7.01

Adjusted total nurse staffing

1.56

Baseline 3.62 hours · Performance 3.52 hours · Measure score 1.56 · Achievement 1.56 · Improvement 0

SNF QRP

Medicare quality reporting measures

Measure Facility National Note
Potentially preventable 30-day readmission 10.62%
10.72%
0.1 pts better
No Different than the National Rate · Eligible stays 45 · Observed rate 11.11% · Lower 95% interval 6.78%
Discharge to community Not Available
50.57%
Not Available · Eligible stays 23 · Observed rate Not Available · Lower 95% interval Not Available · Too few residents or stays to report publicly.
Medicare spending per beneficiary 1.36
1.02
0.3 pts worse
Drug regimen review with follow-up 96.3%
95.27%
1 pts better
Numerator 52 · Denominator 54
Falls with major injury 0%
0.77%
0.8 pts better
Numerator 0 · Denominator 54
Discharge self-care score 82.5%
53.69%
28.8 pts better
Numerator 33 · Denominator 40
Discharge mobility score 67.5%
50.94%
16.6 pts better
Numerator 27 · Denominator 40
Pressure ulcers or injuries, new or worsened 3.7%
2.29%
1.4 pts worse
Numerator 2 · Denominator 54 · Adjusted rate 3.22%
Healthcare-associated infections requiring hospitalization 8.64%
7.12%
1.5 pts worse
No Different than the National Rate · Eligible stays 31 · Observed rate 16.13% · Lower 95% interval 3.79%
Staff COVID-19 vaccination coverage 2.09%
8.2%
6.1 pts worse
Numerator 5 · Denominator 239
Staff flu vaccination coverage 95.79%
42%
53.8 pts better
Numerator 273 · Denominator 285
Discharge function score 85%
56.45%
28.5 pts better
Numerator 34 · Denominator 40
Transfer of health information to provider Not Available
95.95%
Numerator Not Available · Denominator 15 · Too few residents or stays to report publicly.
Transfer of health information to patient Not Available
96.28%
Numerator Not Available · Denominator 13 · Too few residents or stays to report publicly.
Resident COVID-19 vaccinations up to date 25.93%
25.2%
0.7 pts better
Numerator 7 · Denominator 27

Quality measures

Resident outcomes and process scores

Measure Facility State National Note
Number of hospitalizations per 1000 long-stay resident days 2.3
2.1
0.2 pts worse
1.9
0.4 pts worse
Long Stay · 20240701-20250630 · Adjusted 2.3 · Observed 2.4 · Expected 1.9 · Used in QM five-star
Number of outpatient emergency department visits per 1000 long-stay resident days 0.7
1.1
0.4 pts better
1.8
1.1 pts better
Long Stay · 20240701-20250630 · Adjusted 0.7 · Observed 0.7 · Expected 1.6 · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents assessed and appropriately given the pneumococcal vaccine 99.4%
93.0%
6.4 pts better
93.4%
6 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 99.3% · Q2 100.0% · Q3 100.0% · Q4 98.1% · 4Q avg 99.4%
Percentage of long-stay residents assessed and appropriately given the seasonal influenza vaccine 97.6%
97.2%
0.4 pts better
95.5%
2.1 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q3-2025Q2 · 4Q avg 97.6%
Percentage of long-stay residents experiencing one or more falls with major injury 1.3%
2.4%
1.1 pts better
3.3%
2 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 1.3% · Q2 0.6% · Q3 1.9% · Q4 1.2% · 4Q avg 1.3% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents who have depressive symptoms 2.4%
11.4%
9 pts better
11.4%
9 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 3.7% · Q2 1.5% · Q3 3.0% · Q4 1.5% · 4Q avg 2.4%
Percentage of long-stay residents who lose too much weight 7.6%
4.6%
3 pts worse
5.4%
2.2 pts worse
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 6.0% · Q2 6.6% · Q3 7.9% · Q4 9.7% · 4Q avg 7.6%
Percentage of long-stay residents who received an antianxiety or hypnotic medication 8.4%
19.0%
10.6 pts better
19.6%
11.2 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 7.9% · Q2 8.4% · Q3 10.3% · Q4 7.1% · 4Q avg 8.4%
Percentage of long-stay residents who received an antipsychotic medication 20.5%
13.5%
7 pts worse
16.7%
3.8 pts worse
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 22.5% · Q2 23.4% · Q3 17.5% · Q4 19.0% · 4Q avg 20.5% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents who were physically restrained 0.0%
0.1%
0.1 pts better
0.1%
0.1 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 0.0% · Q2 0.0% · Q3 0.0% · Q4 0.0% · 4Q avg 0.0%
Percentage of long-stay residents whose ability to walk independently worsened 3.4%
9.8%
6.4 pts better
16.3%
12.9 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 4.4% · Q2 3.9% · Q3 3.4% · Q4 2.1% · 4Q avg 3.4% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents whose need for help with daily activities has increased 1.7%
9.7%
8 pts better
14.9%
13.2 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 1.4% · Q2 2.1% · Q3 2.1% · Q4 1.4% · 4Q avg 1.7% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents with a catheter inserted and left in their bladder 0.0%
0.7%
0.7 pts better
1.0%
1 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 0.0% · Q2 0.0% · Q3 0.0% · Q4 0.0% · 4Q avg 0.0% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents with a urinary tract infection 0.2%
0.8%
0.6 pts better
1.7%
1.5 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 0.0% · Q2 0.0% · Q3 0.6% · Q4 0.0% · 4Q avg 0.2% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of long-stay residents with new or worsened bowel or bladder incontinence 24.9%
15.9%
9 pts worse
19.8%
5.1 pts worse
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 29.8% · Q2 22.8% · Q3 23.2% · Q4 24.0% · 4Q avg 24.9%
Percentage of long-stay residents with pressure ulcers 4.2%
6.0%
1.8 pts better
5.1%
0.9 pts better
Long Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 6.0% · Q2 4.5% · Q3 2.0% · Q4 4.5% · 4Q avg 4.2% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of short-stay residents assessed and appropriately given the pneumococcal vaccine 90.4%
78.7%
11.7 pts better
81.7%
8.7 pts better
Short Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 87.0% · Q2 91.6% · Q3 95.9% · Q4 86.9% · 4Q avg 90.4%
Percentage of short-stay residents who had an outpatient emergency department visit 6.9%
8.2%
1.3 pts better
12.0%
5.1 pts better
Short Stay · 20240701-20250630 · Adjusted 6.9% · Observed 7.7% · Expected 12.5% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of short-stay residents who newly received an antipsychotic medication 0.6%
1.2%
0.6 pts better
1.6%
1 pts better
Short Stay · 2024Q4-2025Q3 · Q1 0.0% · Q2 0.0% · Q3 0.0% · Q4 2.6% · 4Q avg 0.6% · Used in QM five-star
Percentage of short-stay residents who were assessed and appropriately given the seasonal influenza vaccine 88.1%
80.1%
8 pts better
79.7%
8.4 pts better
Short Stay · 2024Q3-2025Q2 · 4Q avg 88.1%
Percentage of short-stay residents who were rehospitalized after a nursing home admission 20.5%
25.4%
4.9 pts better
23.9%
3.4 pts better
Short Stay · 20240701-20250630 · Adjusted 20.5% · Observed 23.1% · Expected 26.8% · Used in QM five-star

Survey summary

Recent inspection cycles

Cycle 1 Health 2024-10-18 · Fire 2024-10-18

10 health deficiencies

Top issue: Quality of Life and Care (4 deficiencies)

10 fire-safety deficiencies

Top issue: Smoke (5 deficiencies)

Cycle 2 Health 2023-06-08 · Fire 2023-06-08

14 health deficiencies

Top issue: Quality of Life and Care (4 deficiencies)

4 fire-safety deficiencies

Top issue: Smoke (2 deficiencies)

Cycle 3 Health 2022-02-18 · Fire 2022-02-18

8 health deficiencies

Top issue: Pharmacy Service (3 deficiencies)

9 fire-safety deficiencies

Top issue: Egress (4 deficiencies)

Fire safety

Fire-safety citations

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K281 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install proper backup exit lighting.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K321 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Ensure that special areas are constructed so that walls can resist fire for one hour or have an approved fire extinguishing system.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K341 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install a fire alarm system that can be heard throughout the facility.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K351 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install an approved automatic sprinkler system.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K353 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Inspect, test, and maintain automatic sprinkler systems.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K363 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install corridor and hallway doors that block smoke.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K920 · Gas, Vacuum, and Electrical Systems Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Ensure proper usage of power strips and extension cords.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K921 · Gas, Vacuum, and Electrical Systems Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Ensure that testing and maintenance of electrical equipment is performed.

Corrected 2024-11-08

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K293 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Have properly located and lighted "Exit" signs.

Corrected 2024-11-08

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

K521 · Services Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Ensure heating and ventilation systems that have been properly installed according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Corrected 2024-11-08

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

K291 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install emergency lighting that can last at least 1 1/2 hours.

Corrected 2023-07-13

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

K311 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Have an enclosure around a vertical opening shaft.

Corrected 2023-07-13

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

K363 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install corridor and hallway doors that block smoke.

Corrected 2023-07-13

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

K761 · Miscellaneous Deficiencies

Fire Safety

To conduct inspection, testing and maintenance of fire doors by qualified individuals.

Corrected 2023-07-13

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K918 · Gas, Vacuum, and Electrical Systems Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Have generator or other power source capable of supplying service within 10 seconds.

Corrected 2022-05-26

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K923 · Gas, Vacuum, and Electrical Systems Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Have proper medical gas storage and administration areas.

Corrected 2022-03-11

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K353 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Inspect, test, and maintain automatic sprinkler systems.

Corrected 2022-03-11

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K363 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install corridor and hallway doors that block smoke.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K222 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Add doors in an exit area that do not require the use of a key from the exit side unless in case of special locking arrangements.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K271 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Have exits that are accessible at all times.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K281 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install proper backup exit lighting.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K291 · Egress Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Install emergency lighting that can last at least 1 1/2 hours.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

K321 · Smoke Deficiencies

Fire Safety

Ensure that special areas are constructed so that walls can resist fire for one hour or have an approved fire extinguishing system.

Corrected 2022-03-11

Inspection history

Recent health citations

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2025-12-05

F689 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Ensure that a nursing home area is free from accident hazards and provides adequate supervision to prevent accidents.

Corrected 2026-02-11

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F550 · Resident Rights Deficiencies

Health

Honor the resident's right to a dignified existence, self-determination, communication, and to exercise his or her rights.

Corrected 2024-11-11

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F809 · Nutrition and Dietary Deficiencies

Health

Ensure meals and snacks are served at times in accordance with resident’s needs, preferences, and requests. Suitable and nourishing alternative meals and snacks must be provided for residents who want to eat at non-traditional times or outside of scheduled meal times.

Corrected 2024-11-11

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F812 · Nutrition and Dietary Deficiencies

Health

Procure food from sources approved or considered satisfactory and store, prepare, distribute and serve food in accordance with professional standards.

Corrected 2024-11-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F658 · Resident Assessment and Care Planning Deficiencies

Health

Ensure services provided by the nursing facility meet professional standards of quality.

Corrected 2024-11-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F688 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide appropriate care for a resident to maintain and/or improve range of motion (ROM), limited ROM and/or mobility, unless a decline is for a medical reason.

Corrected 2024-11-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F692 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide enough food/fluids to maintain a resident's health.

Corrected 2024-11-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F697 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide safe, appropriate pain management for a resident who requires such services.

Corrected 2024-11-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2024-10-18

F758 · Pharmacy Service Deficiencies

Health

Implement gradual dose reductions(GDR) and non-pharmacological interventions, unless contraindicated, prior to initiating or instead of continuing psychotropic medication; and PRN orders for psychotropic medications are only used when the medication is necessary and PRN use is limited.

Corrected 2024-11-11

B · Minimal harm 2024-10-18

F641 · Resident Assessment and Care Planning Deficiencies

Health

Ensure each resident receives an accurate assessment.

Corrected 2024-11-11

F · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F880 · Infection Control Deficiencies

Health

Provide and implement an infection prevention and control program.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F607 · Freedom from Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation Deficiencies

Health

Develop and implement policies and procedures to prevent abuse, neglect, and theft.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F610 · Freedom from Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation Deficiencies

Health

Respond appropriately to all alleged violations.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F641 · Resident Assessment and Care Planning Deficiencies

Health

Ensure each resident receives an accurate assessment.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F689 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Ensure that a nursing home area is free from accident hazards and provides adequate supervision to prevent accidents.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F755 · Pharmacy Service Deficiencies

Health

Provide pharmaceutical services to meet the needs of each resident and employ or obtain the services of a licensed pharmacist.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F842 · Resident Assessment and Care Planning Deficiencies

Health

Safeguard resident-identifiable information and/or maintain medical records on each resident that are in accordance with accepted professional standards.

Corrected 2023-07-13

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F658 · Resident Assessment and Care Planning Deficiencies

Health

Ensure services provided by the nursing facility meet professional standards of quality.

Corrected 2023-07-13

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F684 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide appropriate treatment and care according to orders, resident’s preferences and goals.

Corrected 2023-07-13

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F690 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide appropriate care for residents who are continent or incontinent of bowel/bladder, appropriate catheter care, and appropriate care to prevent urinary tract infections.

Corrected 2023-07-13

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F695 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide safe and appropriate respiratory care for a resident when needed.

Corrected 2023-07-13

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F807 · Nutrition and Dietary Deficiencies

Health

Ensure each resident receives and the facility provides drinks consistent with resident needs and preferences and sufficient to maintain resident hydration.

Corrected 2023-07-13

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2023-06-08

F883 · Infection Control Deficiencies

Health

Develop and implement policies and procedures for flu and pneumonia vaccinations.

Corrected 2023-07-13

C · Minimal harm 2023-06-08

F576 · Resident Rights Deficiencies

Health

Ensure residents have reasonable access to and privacy in their use of communication methods.

Corrected 2023-07-13

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F698 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide safe, appropriate dialysis care/services for a resident who requires such services.

Corrected 2022-03-11

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F755 · Pharmacy Service Deficiencies

Health

Provide pharmaceutical services to meet the needs of each resident and employ or obtain the services of a licensed pharmacist.

Corrected 2022-03-11

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F756 · Pharmacy Service Deficiencies

Health

Ensure a licensed pharmacist perform a monthly drug regimen review, including the medical chart, following irregularity reporting guidelines in developed policies and procedures.

Corrected 2022-03-11

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F814 · Nutrition and Dietary Deficiencies

Health

Dispose of garbage and refuse properly.

Corrected 2022-03-11

E · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F880 · Infection Control Deficiencies

Health

Provide and implement an infection prevention and control program.

Corrected 2022-03-29

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F677 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide care and assistance to perform activities of daily living for any resident who is unable.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F695 · Quality of Life and Care Deficiencies

Health

Provide safe and appropriate respiratory care for a resident when needed.

Corrected 2022-03-11

D · Potential for more than minimal harm 2022-02-18

F759 · Pharmacy Service Deficiencies

Health

Ensure medication error rates are not 5 percent or greater.

Corrected 2022-03-11

Penalties and ownership

What sits behind the stars

Ownership

Kurland, Benjamin

5% Or Greater Direct Ownership Interest · Individual

99% 24 facilities 2021-01-01
Kurland, Benjamin

Corporate Officer · Individual

0% 24 facilities 2021-01-01
Rosenberg, Joseph

W-2 Managing Employee · Individual

0% 2 facilities 2021-01-01

Nearby options

Other facilities in reach

#1

Complete Care At Orange Park

East Orange, NJ

3-star overall rating with 3-star inspections with 6 recent health deficiencies with 8 fire-safety deficiencies in the latest cycle

Overall
3 / 5
Health
3 / 5
Staffing
4 / 5
Fines
$0
#2

Park Crescent Healthcare & Rehabilitation Center

East Orange, NJ

4-star overall rating with 3-star inspections with $15,240 in total fines with 7 recent health deficiencies with 5 fire-safety deficiencies in the latest cycle

Overall
4 / 5
Health
3 / 5
Staffing
4 / 5
Fines
$15,240
#3

Sinai Post-Acute Nursing & Rehab Center

Newark, NJ

1-star overall rating with 1-star inspections with $329,910 in total fines with 15 recent health deficiencies with 18 fire-safety deficiencies in the latest cycle

Overall
1 / 5
Health
1 / 5
Staffing
3 / 5
Fines
$329,910

Jump out

Supporting pages